Can you use “et al.” for two authors?
When citing sources in academic writing, the use of “et al.” is a common practice to shorten the list of authors when more than two are involved. However, the question arises whether it is appropriate to use “et al.” for two authors. This article will explore the usage of “et al.” for two authors, discussing the guidelines and best practices in academic writing.
The origin of “et al.” can be traced back to Latin, meaning “and others.” It is typically used when a reference includes three or more authors, allowing readers to quickly identify the source without having to list all the names. However, some style guides and academic communities have differing opinions on whether “et al.” should be used for two authors.
According to the Modern Language Association (MLA) style, “et al.” should not be used for two authors. Instead, both authors’ names should be listed in the citation. This rule applies to both in-text citations and works cited lists. For example, a citation would read: “Smith and Johnson (2020) argue that…” or “In their study, Smith and Johnson (2020) found…”
On the other hand, the American Psychological Association (APA) style allows the use of “et al.” for two authors. According to APA guidelines, if the author list is lengthy, it may be acceptable to use “et al.” However, it is generally recommended to list all authors’ names, especially if they are relatively few. In APA style, a citation with two authors would read: “Smith & Johnson (2020) stated that…”
The Chicago Manual of Style (CMS) also provides guidance on the use of “et al.” for two authors. According to CMS, it is not necessary to use “et al.” for two authors, but it is acceptable to do so if desired. A citation in CMS style with two authors would read: “Smith and Johnson (2020) conducted a study…”
In conclusion, the use of “et al.” for two authors is not universally accepted. While some style guides, such as APA, allow for its use, others, like MLA and CMS, recommend listing both authors’ names. It is essential to follow the specific guidelines of the style guide used in your academic field or publication. Consistency in citation style is crucial for maintaining academic integrity and ensuring clarity in your writing.
