How to Cite in APA No Author
Citing sources in APA format can sometimes be challenging, especially when dealing with materials that do not have an identifiable author. In such cases, it is crucial to follow the guidelines provided by the American Psychological Association (APA) to ensure accurate and professional citation. This article will provide a step-by-step guide on how to cite in APA format when there is no author.
1. Start with the Title
When citing a source without an author, the title of the work should be placed in italics at the beginning of the citation. This is to emphasize that the source is primarily identified by its title rather than the author’s name. For example:
“Title of the Work (n.d.).”
2. Include the Publication Date
In APA format, it is essential to include the publication date of the source. If the date is not available, use “n.d.” (which stands for “no date”) to indicate that the information is unknown. For example:
“Title of the Work (n.d.).”
3. Specify the Source Type
Next, you need to indicate the type of source you are citing. Common source types include book, journal article, website, and so on. For example:
“Title of the Work (n.d.).”
4. Provide the Source Details
After specifying the source type, include the necessary details about the source. This may include the publisher, volume, issue number, page numbers, or URL. For example:
“Title of the Work (n.d.).” Journal of Psychology, 23(2), 45-58.
5. Format the In-text Citation
When citing a source without an author in the text, use a parenthetical citation with the year of publication. For example:
(Title, n.d.)
6. List the Source in the Reference List
Finally, include the complete citation in the reference list at the end of your document. Make sure to follow the APA format for the specific source type you are citing. For example:
Title, T. (n.d.). Journal of Psychology, 23(2), 45-58.
By following these steps, you can successfully cite sources in APA format when there is no author. Remember to always consult the latest edition of the APA Publication Manual for specific guidelines and formatting requirements.
